A puppy or kitten is endearing to everyone but they quickly grow up into mature animals. Cats age at different rates but most 10 year old cats can be considered to be in old age. Dogs can be considered to be in old age from the same age, and many larger breeds show signs of ageing much more quickly.

What will happen to my pet in old age?

Just like people older cats and dogs slow down, they often take less exercise and may start to put on weight. They may not want to go out as often as before. Many pets become friendlier as they get older, spending more time in the house with their family and enjoying attention. Occasionally older cats (and dogs) become grumpier. If your pet's behaviour changes you should ask your vet to check him/her over, as this may be a sign of illness or pain.

What should I be feeding an older animal?

Reduced exercise may result in increased weight and you may need to cut down on the quantity of food you give your pet. However, older pets may also start to lose weight. As animals get older their sense of smell and taste may be reduced and you may need to stimulate appetite by feeding richer, strong smelling foods. Older animals digest their food less well and may need to eat relatively more food to absorb all the nutrients they need. You should always have your pet examined by your vet if they start to gain or lose weight as this may be a sign of a medical condition which may need treatment. Special diets, designed for older pets, are available from your vet. It is not advisable to give cats milk, but plenty of clean fresh water must always be available (for both cats and dogs) as older animals often need to drink more.

What diseases are common in older animals?

Your pet's heart, kidneys or liver may not work as well as they once did - a simple blood test is available to test the performance of these organs. Your pet may develop arthritis, diabetes or your cat may develop an overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). We commonly see older animals with growths both internally and externally - many of which can be removed. Your vet will be able to help you manage these conditions as long as they see your pet before the disease becomes too advanced. You know your pet better than anyone and you will be able to detect small changes which may indicate that all is not well. If you are concerned about the health of an older pet make an appointment to see your vet as soon as possible.

Checklist for older patients: Monitor weight, thirst, appetite and behaviour. Check for lumps and bumps, stiffness and coughing/ breathlessness. If any of the above change, see your vet for a health check.

Is it fair to treat an old pet?